The taj mahal is one of the most wonderful architectural building the world.It is located in agra of India.It is a white marble mausoleum situated in Agra.It was built by Mughal emperor shah jahan in memory of his third wife mumtaz mahal. The Taj Mahal is widely recognized as "the jewel of Muslim art “in India . It is universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage . Taj Mahal is the best example of Mughal architecture, a style that combines elements of Turkish, Persian and Indian architectural styles.
In 1983 UNESCO declared , the Taj Mahal as a world Heritage site. When it became familiar component of the Taj Mahal, it is actually an integrated complex of structures. The construction began around 1632 and was completed around 1653, employing thousands of artisans and craftsmen. The construction of the Taj Mahal was entrusted to a board of architects under imperial supervision, including Abd ul-Karim Ma'mur Khan, Makramat Khan and Ustad Ahmad Lahauri.
Lahauri is generally considered to be the principal designer.In 1631 , Shah jahan was the emperor of the area during the Mughal empire’s period . He was grief-stricken when his third wife``Mumtaz Mahal” died during the birth of their 14th child. The court chronicles of Shah Jahan's grief illustrate the love story traditionally held as an inspiration for Taj Mahal. The principal mausoleum was completed in 1648 and the surrounding buildings and garden were finished five years later. Emperor Shah Jahan himself described the Taj in these words .
The tomb is the central focus of the entire complex of the Taj Mahal. This large, white marble structure stands on a square plinth and made of a symmetrical building with an iwan topped by a large dome and finial. The base structure is essentially a large, multi-chambered cube with chamfered corners, forming an unequal octagon that is approximately 55 meters (180 ft) on each of the four long sides . The marble dome that surmounts the tomb is the most spectacular feature. Its height of around 35 meters (115 ft) is about the same as the length of the base, and is accentuated as it sits on a cylindrical "drum" which is roughly 7 meters (23 ft) high Because of its shape the dome is often called onion dome or amrud (guava dome).
There was about 300-metre (980 ft) square charbagh or Mughal garden. The garden uses raised pathways that divide each of the four quarters of the garden into 16 sunken parterres or flowerbeds. A raised marble water tank at the center of the garden, halfway between the tomb and gateway with a reflecting pool on a north-south.
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